What Causes FND?
There is rarely a single "cause" for FND. Instead, researchers use the Biopsychosocial Model to explain how biological vulnerability, psychological factors, and social environment combine to trigger the disorder.
The Multimodal Approach
Key Scientific Models
Explore the core pillars of modern FND science. These pages explain why your brain is generating symptoms and how we know they are real.
Brain Networks
How connectivity issues between brain regions lead to functional symptoms.
Predictive Processing
The 'Bayesian Brain' model and the expectation effect.
Functional vs Structural
Understanding the difference between software glitches and hardware damage.
The Role of Stress
How the autonomic nervous system influences FND manifestations.
Trauma & FND
Exploring the historical and modern links between trauma and neurological symptoms.
Common Triggers
While every case is unique, many patients report their symptoms started after a specific event:
- Physical Injury: A minor limb injury or surgery can "tether" the brain's attention to that area.
- Illness: Viral infections or periods of prolonged bed rest.
- Emotional Stress: Bereavement, workplace stress, or acute panic attacks.
- Neurological Events: A migraine, a faint, or an actual epileptic seizure.